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Information about Nicosia

Nicosia (Lefkosia) lies roughly in the centre of the island on the Messaoria Plain and has a rich history that can be traced back to the Bronze Age. The Lousignians turned it into a magnificent city with a Royal Palace and over fifty churches. It only became capital of the island in the 11th century AD. The heart of the city is enclosed within 16th century Venetian walls and is dotted with museums, ancient churches and medieval buildings, blending its historic past with the bustle of a modern city.

Nicosia was the centre of an independent kingdom as early as the 7th century BC. Known in ancient times as Ledra, came under Byzantine rule in the early 4th century AD and passed to Guy of Lusignan, the Latin King of Jerusalem, in 1192. The Lusignan Kings held Nicosia until it was captured in 1489 by the Venetians. The city then passed to the Ottoman Turks in 1571 and to the British in 1878. It was made the capital of British-ruled Cyprus in 1925.

Nicosia became the capital of independent Cyprus in 1960. The city has been divided into Turkish and Greek Cypriot zones since the Turkish invasion in 1974.  Today, Nicosia  is the only capital city in the world to remain divided by force.

The Nicosia Jewels Museum and the Municipal Arts Centre as well as the 'Levention' Municipal Museum, with an imaginative presentation of the capital's history, was awarded 'European Museum of the Year' in 1991 are some of the many landmarks to visit. More historical landmarks are: the Selimiye Mosque -1209-1325, formerly the Cathedral of St Sophia, the Cyprus Museum, the Cyprus Historical Museum and Archives and the Folk Art Museum.

The new Nicosia developed outside the walls became a contemporary, business and cultural centre extending to the west into the vine-covered Troodos Mountains, where magnificent forests and valleys feature hill resorts as Kakopetria and the Byzantine churches of Galata.

Lefkosia has a national football stadium - the Makarion Sports Centre with a capacity for 25,000 spectators, the indoor sports centres of Eleftheria and Lefkotheon, a municipal swimming centre, tennis courts and race tracks etc.

The city is served by an international airport at Larnaca, about 34 km to the southeast.

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